Title---Study
of developmental changes in the adolescents girls and its relation with Sharir
prakruti.
Authors
–1) Dr. Shital Pawar-Veer,Assis. Prof. ,Yashwantrao Chavan ayurved medical
college, At Nipani-Bhalgaon,Beed Road ,Aurangabad
Mobile
No.-9422115223
2)
Dr. ( Mrs.) Manisha V. Bhalsing,Associate professor , Dept. of Kriyasharir
Bharatividyapeeth college of Ayurved ,Pune
E-mail---drmanisha.vb@
gmail.com
Mobile
No.---9970898001
INTRODUCTION:
Ayurveda is an ancient science of life which deals with
every aspect of human life, Basic
principals of ayurveda mainly concern with sharir kriya gives knowledge about
dosha sdhatu &mala.
The aim of ayurveda is to maintain the health of healthy
person and cure the diseases.
·
CONCEPT
OF SHARIR PRAKRUTI:
Prakruti is nothing but own nature
of a person or constitution
ortemperament of a person. Knowing prakruti helps to explain many of
differences in individuals. For this it is very necessary to know the prakruti
of an individual with the help of prakruti of particular person.There are
different types of prakruti for e.g. Doshaja,manas etc. For studying
predominance of dosha is the individual, study of prakruti is very important
and useful.Prakruti deals with some physical, mental, sensory, motor and
spiritual character of individual.
At the time of conception the
doshas which are dominance state are responsible for prakruti of the respective
foetus.
For study predominance of dosha in
the individual, prakruti is very important and useful.
·
CONCEPT
OFMENSTRUATION:
India has largest adolescent
population in the world.Adolescence is period of transition from childhood to
adulthood.On account of urbanization and modernization life style changes are
seen.The intake of spicy diet .fried food, are increases in today’s life, which
affect the development and growth of children.All these things affect the
development of adolescent girls.Menarche is most important event in the life of
an adolescent girls.The age of first menstrual periods is between 12-15 years.
According to ayurveda, Age of
menarche is twelve years.
Kashyapa mentions the age as
sixteen years, which is probably thedescription of appropriate age of conception.Kashyapa
further says that this age can be influenced by specific ahara(diets) and
arogya (health).
Menarche is the normal
physiological process and changes occur in the female body before 1-2 years of
menarche.
Due to accumulation of raja there
is gradual development of breast, uterus, and vagina along with vulva.
According to Ayurveda age of
menarche is 12 year but now days the study shows it decreases upto 10 years.
The term "adolescence"
has been defined as including those aged between 10 and 19 years. Adolescence
has multifaceted dimensions. The average onset of puberty is at the age 10 for
girls. Every person's individual timetable for puberty is influenced primarily
by heredity, although environmental factors, such as diet and exercise, also
exert some influence. These factors can also contribute to precocious puberty
and delayed puberty. Puberty begins with a surge in hormone production, which
in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is also the stage of life in
which a child develops secondary sex characteristics (for example, development
of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) her hormonal balance
shifts strongly towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary
gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream,
initiating a chain reaction. The female gonads are subsequently which secretes
a surge of hormone which puts them into a state of rapid growth and
development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the
necessary chemicals. The ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The
production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is
met. Put simply, puberty is the time when a child's body starts changing into
an adult's body.
Key words---Prakruti, Menstrual
cycle,Adolscencent age
References-- 09
.AIM AND OBJECTIVES :
Study of developmental changes in
the adolescents girls and its relation with Sharir prakruti.
OBJECTIVES:
1) Studyof sharirprakruti by special prakruti parikshan
proforma.
2) Study
of developmental changes in the adolescent girls.
3) Studyof onset of first menarche and
current menstruation.
4) Study ofvatadi doshadhikya during
menstruation
5)
Study and scrutining of 2, 3, 4, with respect to types of sharir prakruti.
MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY
A] Type of Study:
(1)
Literary Study:-
Data of sharir prakruti and developmental
changes in adolescent girls was taken from different Ayurvedic Samhitas, Modern
texts, Journals, Internet, scientific networks & research papers etc.
(2) Clinical Study:-
Total 170 volunteers were selected from
Bharati Vidyapeeth College Of
Ayurved, Pune.
Consent was taken from all selected cases.
B] INCLUSION CRITERIA:
• No
of females -170.
• Age
group: 10-18 years.
• Marital
status-unmarried.
C] EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
• Suffering
from major illness.
• No
selection will be done on the basis of caste and religion.
D] METHODOLOGY:
• Study
of sharir prakruti parikshan of volunteers according to ayurvedic reference
special parikshan proforma related to this topic was prepared.
• Developmental
changes in the adolescent girls and its relation with sharir prakruti was
studied.
• Study
of menstrual history, special proforma was prepared.
• Study
of doshadhikya during menstruation,special proforma was
prepared.
OBSERVATION
:
Out of 170 volunteers 20 volunteers left
away.Distribution of 150 volunteers according to Prakruti.
|
PRAKRUTI
|
NO OF VOLUNTEERS
|
%OF VOLUNTEERS
|
|
VP
|
12
|
8
|
|
VK
|
12
|
8
|
|
PV
|
18
|
12
|
|
PK
|
48
|
32
|
|
KV
|
6
|
4
|
|
KP
|
54
|
36
|
|
Total
|
150
|
100
|
DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS:
|
ONSET OF
FIRST MENSES:
|
VP
|
VK
|
PV
|
PK
|
KV
|
KP
|
TOTAL
|
|
12-14 years
|
8
|
8
|
10
|
31
|
4
|
38
|
99
|
|
More than
14 years
|
4
|
4
|
8
|
17
|
2
|
16
|
51
|
|
TOTAL
|
12
|
12
|
18
|
48
|
6
|
54
|
150
|
|
BREAST
DEVELOPMENT:
|
VP
|
VK
|
PV
|
PK
|
KV
|
KP
|
TOTAL
|
|
1 YEAR(A)
|
6
|
11
|
15
|
24
|
5
|
27
|
88
|
|
1 YEAR(B)
|
6
|
1
|
3
|
24
|
1
|
27
|
62
|
|
TOTAL
|
12
|
12
|
18
|
48
|
6
|
54
|
150
|
STUDY OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE AT THE TIME OF
MENARCHE:
|
Regularity of cycle
|
VP
|
VK
|
PV
|
PK
|
KV
|
KP
|
TOTAL
|
|
Regular
|
6
|
6
|
9
|
27
|
3
|
40
|
91
|
|
Irregular
|
6
|
6
|
9
|
21
|
3
|
14
|
59
|
|
TOTAL
|
12
|
12
|
18
|
48
|
6
|
54
|
150
|
STUDY OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE AT THE TIME OF
CURRENT MENSTRUAL CYCLE:
|
Regularity of cycle
|
VP
|
VK
|
PV
|
PK
|
KV
|
KP
|
TOTAL
|
|
Regular
|
6
|
9
|
12
|
42
|
3
|
42
|
114
|
|
Irregular
|
6
|
3
|
6
|
6
|
3
|
12
|
36
|
|
TOTAL
|
12
|
12
|
18
|
48
|
6
|
54
|
150
|
STUDY OF VATADI DOSHDHIKYA DURING MENSTRUAL
CYCLE:
|
|
VP
|
VK
|
PV
|
PK
|
KV
|
KP
|
|
|
VATA
|
46%
|
50%
|
39%
|
40%
|
70%
|
15%
|
|
|
PITTA
|
50%
|
25%
|
42%
|
42%
|
58%
|
35%
|
|
|
KAPHA
|
42%
|
75%
|
38%
|
50%
|
50%
|
50%
|
|
STASTICAL
ANALYSIS :-
The data was collected by using
questionnaire. It was qualitative type of data. Hence it was analyzed by using
non-parametric test i.e. chi square test.S
|
Statistically
significant
(alpha<0.05)
|
|
|
|
ONSET
OF FIRST MENSES
|
NO
|
|
|
FEMINIZATION
OF VOICE
|
NO
|
|
|
GROWTH
OF PUBIC HAIR & BODY HAIR
|
YES
|
|
|
BREAST
DEVELOPMENT
|
YES
|
|
|
BODY
SHAPE & HEIGHT
|
YES
|
|
|
PIMPLES
|
YES
|
Hence developmental changes in adolescent
girls has correlation with sharir parakruti
|
VATAPRADHAN PITTA PRAKRUTI.
|
Statistically
significant
(alpha<0.05)
|
|
|
REGULARITY OF CYCLE
|
NO
|
|
|
DAYS
|
YES
|
|
|
NATURE
|
YES
|
|
|
COLOUR
|
NO
|
|
|
SMELL
|
YES
|
|
|
ABDOMINAL PAIN
|
YES
|
|
|
HEADACHE
|
YES
|
|
|
BACKACHE
|
NO
|
|
·
DISCUSSION:-
Principles of Ayurveda are mainly based on
Dosha, Dhatu,& Mala concept.The predominance of dosha’s is described by ‘Prakruti’
examination.
The term prakruti in Sanskrit words means
“Nature”, “Creativity” or the first creation. The combination of vata, pitta,
and kapha that was present in individual at the time of conception is
maintained throughout his life. Different person can have different combination
of vata, pitta and kapha as their basicconstitution or prakruti.
The term adolescent means ‘to emerge’ or
‘achieve identity.’ Adolescence is defined as a phase of life characterized by
rapid physical growth and development, physical, social and psychological
changes and maturity, sexual maturity, experimentation, development of adult
mental processes and a move from the earlier childhood socio-economic
dependence towards relative independence.
On the basis of Vaya Kala of Stri, twelve
and fifty years is the age of menarche and menopause respectively.
From Rasa (Dhatu), the Rakta named raja is
formed Rakta reaching in Uterus and coming out for three days in every month is
called Artava. Menstruation is a result of changes going on in Vascular
apparatus of Uterus forwhole month or in other word this refers to Cyclical
changes of endometrium .
In woman of Vatapradhana Prakruti and
Rajashika Prakirutihave scanty menses occur which is often painful. The women
withPitta pradhana Prakruti have a relatively more flow of Artava whichis
painless and women with Kaphapradhana Prakruti have moderate amount of blood
flow which is pain less. The purpose to study vayaparinaman is to understand
the ayurvedic explanation about the
sexual development through which the girl goes.
·
Onset of
menses in Vatapradhan prakruti is 12-14 years in 70% of volunteers.
·
In
pittapradhan Vata prakruti on set of
menses is 12-14 years in 55% volunteers.
·
In
pittapradhan Kapha prakruti on set of
menses is 12-14 years in 65% volunteers.
·
Onset of
menses in Kaphapradhan prakruti is 14-16 years in 70% of volunteers.
In Vata Pittaj Prakruti At the time of menarche cycle is irregular
in50% of voluntters,& in current menstrual cycle is also irregular in 50
·
Onset of
menses in Vatapradhan prakruti is 12-14 years in 70% of volunteers.
·
In
pittapradhan Vata prakruti on set of
menses is 12-14 years in 55% volunteers.
·
In
pittapradhan Kapha prakruti on set of
menses is 12-14 years in 65% volunteers.
·
Onset of
menses in Kaphapradhan prakruti is 14-16 years in 70% of volunteers.
·
In Vata
Pittaj Prakruti At the time of menarche
cycle is irregular in50% of voluntters,& in current menstrual cycle is also
irregular in 50% of voluntters.
·
In Vata
Kaphaj Prakruti At the time of menarche cycle is regular in50% of voluntters
,& in current menstrual cycle is also regular in 75% of voluntters.
·
In Pitta Vataj Prakruti At the time of menarche cycle is regular
in50% of voluntters ,& in current menstrual cycle is also regular in 67% of
voluntters.
·
In Pitta
kaphaj Prakruti At the time of menarche
cycle is regular in56% of voluntters ,& in current menstrual cycle is also
regular in 80% of voluntters.
·
In Kapha
Vataj Prakruti At the time of menarche cycle is regular in50% of voluntters
,& in current menstrual cycle is also regular in 50% of voluntters. •
·
In Kapha
Pittaj Prakruti At the time of menarche cycle is regular in74 % of voluntters
,& in current menstrual cycle is also regular in 78% of voluntters.
VATADI DOSHADHIKYA DURING MENSTRUAL CYCLE:
• In
Vata Pittaj Prakruti volunteers, Vata –
Pitta-& Kapha- doshadhikya is 46% ,50%,& 42% respectively.
• In
Vata Kaphaj Prakruti volunteers, Vata- Pitta-& Kapha-doshadhikya is 50%
,25%,&75% respectively.
• In
Pitta Vataj Prakruti volunteers, Vata- Pitta- & Kapha -doshadhikya is 39%
,42%,& 38% respectively.
• In
Pitta Kaphaj Prakruti volunteers, Vata- Pitta- & Kapha-doshadhikya is 40%
,42%,& 50% respectively.
• In Kapha Vataj Prakruti volunteers,Vata –
Pitta-& Kapha -doshadhikya is 70% ,58%,& 50% respectively.
• In Kapha Pittaj Prakruti volunteers,Vata-
Pitta-& Kapha doshadhikya is 15% ,35%,& 50% respectively.
CONCLUSION:
Onset of menses in vatapradhanprakruti&
in Pittapradhanprakruti was in between 12-14 years.
• In
kaphapradhanprakruti onset of menses is in between 14-16 years.
• Feminazation
of voice was maximum in kaphapradhan pittaprakruti.
• Breast
development was maximum in vatapradhankaphaprakruti.
• Growth
of pubic hair & body hair was maximum in pittapradhanvataprakruti.
• Pimples
was maximum in pittapradhanvataprakruti.
• Body
temperature was increased by 0.5oc in
vatapradhanprakruti, 0.80c in pittapradhanprakruti&o.30c in
kaphapradhanprakruti.
• Regularity
of cycle is maximum in kaphapradhan
pittaprakruti.
• Red
colour of bleeding was present in vatapradhankaphaprakruti&pittapradhankaphaprakruti.
Bleeding
without clot was present in kaphapradhanvataprakruti.
• Vatadidoshadhikya
during the menstrual cycle was nearly same in pittapradhanprakruti.
• Smell
& Headache was present in all prakrutiexcept kaphapradhanpittaprakruti.
• Abdominal
pain& backache Frequency of micturation& Irritability was present in
allprakruti.
• Exacitability
is present in all prakruti, exceptvatapradhankapha, pittapradhankapha,
kaphapradhanvataprakruti.
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Shastri and Gorakha Nath Chaturvedi, Varanasi, 22nd Edition, 1996, Chaukhambha
Bharati Academy.
2)Asthang Hriday(Arundatta &
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Sangraha Commentary of Shri Dalhanacharya and Shri Gayadas, Ed. Vd. Yadavji
Acharya and Narayan Acharya, Karyatirtha, Varanasi, 7th Eddition, 2002,
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6) Kashyap Samhita- Published –
Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan Edition 4th
1988.
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Maharashtra Rajakiya Ayurvediya Anusandhan Samiti, Vd. S. G. Vartak.
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